The identification and characterization of relevant targets are necessary for developing nonhormonal male contraceptives. The molecules must demonstrate that They are necessary for reproduction. As a result, a sophisticated technique is required to identify The molecular targets for nonhormonal male contraceptives. Genetic modification (GM) techniques are one method that can be applied. This technique has been widely used to study gene function that effected male fertility and has resulted in The discovery of numerous nonhormonal male contraceptive target molecules. We examined GM techniques and approaches used to investigate genes involved in male fertility as potential targets for nonhormonal contraceptives. The discovery of nonhormonal contraceptive candidate molecules was increased by using GM techniques, especially The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas9 method. The discovery of candidate nonhormonal contraceptive molecules can be a wide-open research for The development of nonhormonal male contraceptives. Therefore, we are believing that one day nonhormonal male contraceptives will be released.

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a frequently seen condition affecting women in postmenopausal age, which is characterized by a collection of symptoms like vaginal irritation, dryness, and pain during sexual intercourse. While hormone Therapy has long been The go-to treatment for GSM, nonhormonal options are gaining recognition for Their efficacy and safety in managing These distressing symptoms...

It is becoming evident that oral hormonal contraceptives besides being well established contraceptives - seem to become important medications for many functional or organic disturbances. So far, clinical effectiveness has been shown for treatment as well as prevention of menstrual bleeding disorders and menstrual-related pain symptoms. Also this is true for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual disphoric disorder (PMDD).

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is one of The most successful techniques of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and is mostly in use for The treatment of infertility with male factors. In this method, before injecting sperm into The intracytoplasmic of The oocyte, cumulus cells around The oocyte must be stripped to facilitate The injection process. To achieve this, both enzymatic and mechanical methods are used in embryological laboratories for denudation, which has major deficiencies, including The possibility of damaging The oocyte prior to The injection process. In this research, a microfluidic-based device is introduced for The separation of cumulus cells around The oocyte with minimum manual operations. The results prove high efficiency, and non-destructive denudation of The oocyte with The reduced amount of culture medium leads to The low-cost preparation process of oocytes. The process can also be integrated with ICSI chips under development and will be reported shortly.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study The effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train The location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) The participants of The study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of The posttest analyses indicated The effectiveness of gamification of The training performed for The employees of The firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, The descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by The members of The experimental group after gamified training indicated that all The participants in The experimental group were satisfied with The gamified training course.